Professeur agrégé en sciences de la vie et de la terre, je me suis spécialisé depuis une quinzaine d’années dans l’enseignement de disciplines en lien avec l’écologie alpine, la biologie et l’écologie animale. Dans ces domaines, mes activités de recherche m’ont amené à me spécialiser sur les hexapodes et notamment sur les collemboles, groupe que j’affectionne particulièrement. Depuis septembre 2021, je m’occupe du parcours Gestion de l’Environnement du Master 2 BEE de l’UGA.
My research focus on fungi that play a major role in the function and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. The aims of my studies is to determine the abiotic and biotic factors that structure fungal communities, to understand the interactions between different fungal functional groups and the effects of these interactions on plant communities and the functioning of ecosystems. An other objective of my research concerns the exploitation of fungi (eg mycorrhizal fungi, saprophytes) for applications in plant protection and in bioremediation.
Mes recherches au LECA portent sur la composition et le fonctionnement des communautés fongiques des sols et leurs liens avec la couverture végétale et les facteurs abiotiques, dans les prairies subalpines en particulier.
Mon travail vise à comprendre comment l’environnement physique (climat, géologie, etc...) et ses variations au cours du temps ont influencé les origines de la biodiversité. Mes travaux couvrent principalement les champs disciplinaires de la phylogénétique, la phylogéographie et la systématique moléculaire. Les plantes Alpines sont mon modèle d’étude privilégié.
Mes recherches allient génomique et expérimentation sur le terrain pour essayer de mieux comprendre les facteurs influençant l’adaptation et la diversification des espèces. Dernièrement, je suis particulièrement intéressé par la génomique écologique prédictive et notamment l’estimation de la mal-adaptation in situ des populations au réchauffement climatique. Mes projets en cours sont largement focalisés sur différentes espèces d’arbres de montagne.
I am an ecosystem ecologist with emphasis in grassland ecology. My background covers a spectrum of topics including alpine plant botany, plant physiological ecology, community & functional ecology, environmental microbiology and evolutionary ecology. My experience includes fieldwork in mountains (Alps, Tibet, Andes) and in semi-arid tropical grasslands (Northern Australia). My current research addresses the relationships between plant functional diversity and ecosystem functioning. I have recent interest in the observation and modelling of the biodiversity and ecosystem functiong of mountain pastures in relation with snow cover dynamics.
My research interests are centered on the molecular bases of adaptation in insects with an emphasis on insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors of human pathogens. This includes the identification of the molecular bases of insecticide resistance through the combination of various approaches (genomics/transcriptomics, population genomics, quantitative genetics, functional biology, ecotoxicology, ...), the study of resistance spatiotemporal dynamics in the field, and the development of novel molecular tools to better track resistance. I am also interested in mosquito evolution and ecology. I am a founding member of the Worldwide Insecticide resistance Network (WIN).
I study the ecology and evolution of acoustic communication. I strive to understand how the biotic and abiotic environment affect acoustic signaling in animals. I am particularly interested in the dynamics of acoustic communities and the effect of social interactions on acoustic signals. I am currently conducting two main lines of research : developing methods of passive acoustic monitoring in various environments and in particular in freshwater environments and understanding the role of socially mediated plasticity in rapid adaptation and reproductive isolation.
I am setting up a network of acoustic recorders along elevational gradients in the Alps and the Pyrenees to monitor mountain environments.
My main research interests are in the evolutionary ecology and diversification of species (mainly insects). Most projects combine population genetics, phylogenetic analyses and demographic inferences together with ecological, biochemical and behavioral studies to test hypotheses about evolutionary processes or adaptation to multiple constraints.
My research focuses on the ecophysiology of pigmentation in insects, particularly on the link between global change (temperature and metal pollutants) and pigments (ommochromes, pterins and melanins) of butterfly wings. By deciphering the structural and functional diversity of wing pigments along thermal and urban gradients in the Alps, the aim is to provide a better understanding of how animals can adapt to human impacts on their ecosystems. This project is deeply interdisciplinary, with methods ranging from quantum chemistry to correlative Synchrotron-based and electron imaging.
Mes recherches portent sur les liens entre biodiversité et fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Je m’intéresse plus particulièrement à la manière dont les changements d’utilisation des terres (agriculture, urbanisation...) conditionnent la résistance des écosystèmes aquatiques et terrestres au changement climatique du point de vue de leur fonctionnement biogéochimique. Mes travaux se basent sur des approches expérimentales en conditions contrôlées et des observations de terrain centrées sur les communautés microbiennes impliquées dans la décomposition de la matière organique et le recyclage des nutriments.
Mes recherches s’inscrivent dans le cadre de l’ecologie chimique et concernent le rôle des métabolites secondaires végétaux dans les interactions interspécifiques. Je m’intéresse plus spécifiquement 1-à la diversité des réponses métaboliques des plantes soumises à différents stress, dont l’herbivorie ; et 2- à l’évolution de ces métabolites végétaux lors de la senescence des plantes, à leur persistance et leurs activités dans les litières et sols.
I am interested in better understanding and predicting species invasions at both coarse and fine scales. My work thus covers several research areas including the analysis of : large spatial scale patterns, historical biogeographic movements, fine scale coexistence mechanisms, and multi-trophic network dynamics. My favourite tools include the statistical analysis of observational data and field experiments, as well as process-based modelling and simulations.
Why is there greater biodiversity in some places and not others ? This question has fascinated ecologists for a while. My research builds on this field of research and focuses on the study of the functional diversity (diversity of species’ traits) across scales. The main goal is to map and understand the factors driving the functional diversity of species, specifically for plants. I’m also studying species with original traits (= functionally distinct species), the functional diversity of alien plants, and the diversity of medicinal plants. I’m building and maintaining many software tools (mostly R packages) that support my work.
Most of my research is about how species traits shape interspecific interactions, generally in a network context, and how does that affect community assembly and ecosystem functioning. I’m using plant-herbivores (mostly grasshoppers) and plant-pollinators as model systems, and develop eco-evolutionary theoretical models as well. As a side project, I also work on the evolution and ecology of high alpine cushion plants.
My research focuses on the mechanisms driving the evolution of species’ ecological niches and geographic ranges, how these processes relate to speciation and clade diversification, and ultimately how they shape the structure of natural communities (and ecosystems). I am also interested in how these processes explain patterns of species rarity and endemism, and the potential threats to biodiversity in a context of global environmental changes. My research incorporates field work, population genomics, community ecology, and phylogenetic comparative methods. While I have been mostly working on plant species from alpine and mediterranean regions, I also work on projects focusing on other biological models (e.g. birds, mammals) beyond these two regions. My main research lines are detailed below.
My research focuses on impacts on ecosystems and their services of combined changes in climate and land management. I believe that fundamental ecological knowledge derived from long-term observations, field experiments and conceptual modelling is essential for a better quantification of ecosystem services and for supporting social climate adaptation. First, my team uses modelling approaches to scale up trait-based, and more generally biodiversity-based understanding for quantifying and mapping ecosystem services. These provide essential insights into trade-offs and synergies among multiple ecosystem services that, together with social science analyses, can support management and land planning decisions. Second, I have proposed the novel concept of climate adaptation services, which expands on ecosystem services by considering as contributions to adaptation species and landscape functional properties that support ecological resilience and ecosystems ability to transform to desirable states. I am currently developing this emerging concept and applying it in interdisciplinary approaches that analyse how adaptation services can be enabled, and which knowledge, governance and values barriers need to be overcome. This interdisciplinary research, with a close participation of local and regional stakeholders, contributes to national and international biodiversity and ecosystem assessments (French National Ecosystem Assessment and the International Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem services IPBES).
I’m interested in large herbivores and their role in anthropo-ecosystems. My research includes topics such as evolutionary demography and population dynamics (based on the long-term monitoring of individually marked animals and comparative approaches), spatial ecology and habitat selection (based on GPS-marked individuals), behavioral and movement ecology (to understand the different individual tactics to solve the energy acquisition/energy expenditure/risk avoiding trade-offs) , species-specific trophic (taxonomic and functional) niche and partitioning of resources within large herbivore communities (using e.g. DNA-barcoding of feces) and human-animal interactions (how animals respond to disturbances, and how human take animals into account in their practice outdoor).
I am interested in a range of topics in coexistence theory, community ecology, plant-soil interactions and ecosystem stability and functioning. My recent projects seek to better understand the ecological processes that drive community assembly and the resilience of plant communities to environmental change. I am currently working on the integration of plant-soil feedbacks in community assembly theory. Statistical analyses, field experiments and process-based simulation models form my toolbox for studying these questions.
My research focuses on understanding how processes combine to shape biodiversity patterns and how human activities modify them across different spatial and temporal scales. To study how biotic communities assemble from global to local scales, I work at the interface of several ecological fields including community and landscape ecology, biogeography, conservation biology and methods in ecology and evolution. Because different organisms respond to environmental variation at different spatial scales, I work on multiple taxa and habitat types, analysing several biodiversity dimensions (taxonomic, functional, phylogenetic). In this context, my most recent projects mostly focused on ecological synthesis. I am also interested in new methods and tools to improve biodiversity assessment and data analysis.
Je développe des approches de génomique des populations pour identifier les gènes impliqués dans les processus de domestication, décrire les bases génétiques des mécanismes adaptatifs le long de gradients environnemntaux, et estimer l’importance des phénomènes de parallélisme et convergence dans ces trajectoires évolutives. Je travaille sur deux espèces proches, la chèvre et le mouton, et sur leurs apparentés sauvages (genres Ovis et Capra).
I am exploring the way microbes react to global changes in mountain soils, particularly the impact of climate change on soil carbon cycling. My research ranges from understanding the precise mechanisms of soil carbon storage in natural ecosystems to a more practical understanding of soil health indicators and function in agricultural ecosystems. The main methods I use are microbial techniques such as enzyme assays, DNA metabarcoding, microbial respiration, and isotope labelling.
Mes questions scientifiques sont orientées sur la compréhension des mécanismes mis en jeu lorsque les organismes sont exposés à des pressions chimiques de types polluantes. Ainsi mes recherches sont orientées sur la plasticité phénotypique, les effets trans-générationnels et l’adaptation des communautés en milieu pollué. Pour répondre à ces questions, des modèles biologiques sont étudiés en laboratoire et par ailleurs, des analyses in situ de la structure des communautés selon un gradient de pression chimique sont menées par une approche metabarcoding. Enfin, lorsque des associations biologiques (essentiellement plantes-microflore) parraissent tolérantes aux pressions chimiques, j’étudie les mécanismes physiologiques impliqués dans la tolérance afin d’avoir une vision intégrative des mécanismes impliqués dans l’écoremédiation.
Mon activité scientifique concerne l’étude des effets de perturbations chimiques sur les zones humides et les écosystèmes aquatiques. Mes travaux de recherche cherchent à comprendre comment les xénobiotiques peuvent perturber les grandes fonctions physiologiques des organismes vivants dans les milieux pollués et à étudier les conséquences de ces perturbations en termes d’adaptation, de fitness et de dynamique des populations. Ce travail, à l’interface entre l’écophysiologie et l’écotoxicologie, porte sur deux modèles : un modèle peu sensible et s’adaptant rapidement à la pression polluante, les moustiques et un modèle sensible à la pollution, les amphibiens.
Ecotoxicologue de formation, mes activités de recherche s’intéressent à l’impact de la pollution des milieux aquatiques sur le vivant et plus particulièrement les invertébrés et les amphibiens, de l’échelle moléculaire à l’échelle populationnelle.
Pour le volet "activités pédagogiques", j’interviens depuis le niveau L1 jusqu’au niveau M2 dans des enseignements de biologie et d’écotoxicologie. Je suis également responsable de l’UE d’écotoxicologie ouverte aux étudiants de L3 Biologie et L3 Ecosphère de l’UGA.
Currently, my research focuses on methodological developments related to environmental DNA analysis, using the metabarcoding approach. This corresponds to a high-throughput collection of biodiversity data. This type of analysis makes it possible to accurately describe local biodiversity from water or soil samples. The same approach can also be used to reconstruct ancient communities from sediments.
Mes travaux de recherche visent à mieux comprendre la structure, la distribution et la dynamique de la biodiversité et du fonctionnement écosystémique. Cela passe par une combinaison d’approches expérimentales, d’observations et de modélisations statistiques et mécanistes. Mes domaines d’étude s’étendent du très local (un monolithe de terre) à l’échelle du globe, et de la séquence d’ADN aux grands vertébrés terrestres. Les champs d’applications portent sur la conservation de la biodiversité et du fonctionnement, et la prédiction de l’impact des changements environnementaux sur la biodiversité et le fonctionnement.
I’m interested on the mechanisms driving the genetic make-up of populations, either abiotic (e.g. past climate) or biotic (e.g., parasite) factors, in a context of global and human-driven environmental changes. My research mainly focus on animals (i.e. mammal and bird species), in rapidly changing ecosystems, i.e., Arctic and Alpine regions. I address research questions through integrating genomic and ecological data and a variety of analytical methods. Good basic research often becomes applied and my goal is to provide tools and information that can help to conserve biodiversity.
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